Apparatus and method for casting metal products



Sept. 2, 1924. 1,507,429-

A. R. ows

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CASTING METAL I RODUQTS' Filed March 17. 1923 2Shoots-Shut 1 I avwzwtoz Sept. 2, 1924.- 1,507,429

A. R. ROWE APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CASTING nus-um raonucws Filed March17. 1923 f-z sum-3mm Patented Sept. 2, 1924.

UNITED STA TES PATENT OFFICE.

Animnwn. ROWE, or PORTSMOUTH, OHIO.

Application filed March 17, 1928. Serial No. 625,855.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW R. ROWE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Portsmouth, Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in A paratus and Methods for Casting Metal Froducts, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the art of casting iron andsteel ingots and other metal products.

More particularly the invention relates to an improvement on the UnitedStates Patent Number 1,399,798, which was granted to me on December 13,1921, for an apparatus and method for casting metal products.

One important object of the invention is to provide an improved methodand apparatus of this character wherein the small amount of pipingexisting on the top of the ingots cast with the apparatus of the priorpatent will be still further decreased so that it is almost entirelyeliminated.

A second important object of the invention is to provide an improvedform of reservoir which will maintain its efliciency as a reservoiruntil the mold has been completely filled.

A third important object of the present invention is to provide animproved form of reservoir which projects, but little, if at all, abovethe top of the ingot mold, but which in no way interferes with thecomplete filling of the mold.

With these and other objects in view, as Will be hereinafter apparent,the invention will now be described in detail, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and will then be specifically claimed.

In the accompanyin drawings like characters of reference indlcate likeparts in the several views, and:

Fig. 1 is a vertical median section through the top part of an ingotmold showing the.

mold being filled.

Fig. 2 1s a similar section showing the completely filled mold, and theposition of the reservoir when such mold is filled.

Fig. 3 is a similar section showing a modified arrangement of thedevice.

Fig. 4 is a view showing a second modification of the device.

Fig. 5 is a detail plan view of one form of the reservoir as shown inFigures 1 and 2. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of said reservoir.

completely Fig. 7 is a plan view of the form of reservoir shown in Fig.4.

Fig. 8 is a modification wherein space is left between the reservoir andmold on both sides of the reservoir.

It will be noted that the device has been shown in the accompanyingdrawing in several embodiments which, while being generically alike arespecifically different. In each of these forms there Is provided aningot mold 10, and above this mold is disclosed a pouring nozzle 11 fromwhich may issue the molten metal. In the form shown in Figures 1 to 3,there is provided a reservoir having side walls 12, and an integralbottom wall 13 closing the bottom of the reservoir with the exception ofthe perforated openings 14 which are formed in such bottom. Thisreservoir and bottom are preferably made of fire clay or the like, andthe side walls are provided with outwardly extending flange portions 15,which rest either on top of the mold itself, as shown in Fig. 1, or upona refractory limng 16 supported on a shoulder 17 formed near. the topend of the mold 10 by an enlargement of the interior dimensions of saidtop end.

In the form shown in Fig. 4, this re fractory lining 16 is taperedinteriorly so that the space between its inner walls 1s of invertedfrusto-pyramidal form. Moreover, the side walls 12 of the reservoir usedwith this form are similarly tapered, so that when the reservoir is inosition, it plugs the upper end of the mol In each of the forms ofreservoir, there are provided a number of vents 18 which lead from thebottom ofthe reservoir up to the top so that the air entrapped in thetop of the mold may escape therefrom as the mold is filled. These ventsmay be positioned in any desired place and may be arranged 1n anydesired way.

In the use of this improved form of reservoir, the reservoir is laced inthe-top of the ingot mold and t e nozzle opened so that the molten metalflows into the reservoir. The air entrained by the down flowing streamfrom the nozzle which is under hea head will rise up from the pool ofmeta in the reservoir, while the molten metal free from this air willflow down through the erforations in the bottom. Thus the mold pro er isfed by the small stream or jets with ut little head pressure from themetal in the reservoir, and this allows the metal to rise evenly in themold, and at the same time gives the gases and impurities a betterchance to reach the surface. When the metal in the mold reaches thebottom of the reservoir, the entire reservoir will be lifted, and themetal in the reservoir will continue to flow out, the reservoir itselffloating on top of the main body of metal in the mold until the mold hasbeen completely filled. Furthermore, as the reservoir itself has becomeintensely hot from the molten metal, it will rest on top of the metalinthe mold and keep the upper end of the column hot so that in theprocess of freezing, which takes place from the bottom up, the metal inthe top of the mold will sink down, and there will be practically nopipe or air space left in the top of the in ct.

It is 0 course obvious that these reservoirs may be made to suit anyshape of mold desired to be used, and it will be seen that they can beused, especially in the forms shown in Figures 1 and 2, without anychange whatever in the mold itself.

It is also to be noted that the vents 18 may, in some instances, passthrough the flange of the reservoir or pass under such flange.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is:

1. In an apparatus for casting metal, a mold having an open top, areservoir of relatively lighter material than the material being melted,said reservoir being loosely seated in the top of said mold, saidreservoir projecting downwardly into the top of the mold and having aninte al bottom with erforations therein, there eing vents providedbetween the exterior walls of the reservoir and the walls of the moldwhereby when the material being moulded is poured in said reservoir, itmay pass through the holes in the bottom thereof and the air in the moldescape through said vents.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, a metal mold having an opentop, a reservoir adapted to fit within the open top of said mold andhaving side walls, and a bottom immovable with respect to said sidewalls and provided witha series of perforations, said reservoir havingvents formed on the exterior of the side walls affording passages forthe escape of air from the top of said mold.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a mold,of a reservoir adapted to fit within said mold and having at its upperend a peripheral flange resting on the top of the mold, said reservoirhavin a bottom immovable with respect to the body of the reservoir andprovided with perforations, said reservoir further having vents formedtherein to permit passage of air from the upper end of the mold.

4. The method of depositing molten metal in a mold which consists indischarging a relatively large stream of molten metal in a fioatablereservoir positioned at the top of a mold and discharging the metal fromthe reservoir in relatively small streams through holes in the bottom ofthe reservoir and forcing out the air through vents between the outerwalls of the reservoir and the mold, and continuing the pouring untilthe reservoir is floated by the ris-' ing of the metal in the mold.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

ANDREW R. sown.

